Methodology
For the rankings, Lown excluded non-acute care hospitals, non-critical access hospitals, federal hospitals, hospitals outside the 50 states and Washington, D.C., and specialty hospitals with more than 45% admissions for orthopedic or cardiac procedures, or more than 80% for surgical procedures or elective surgeries.
Hospitals that were closed as of February 2024, those with volumes below 50 annual patient stays, and those that did not perform any surgery were also excluded, leaving 3,680 eligible hospitals, including 523 for-profits and 3,157 nonprofits.
